2.7. Feasible sites for wind parks
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Wind parks with a 10 MW capacity in the Teriberka area. When choosing the site for a future wind farm, a location must be found with an area of high wind potential. It should also ensure lower costs for the development of necessary infrastructure and construction of access roads, employees’ residential areas and storage sites for mounting gear. The wind farm site should also be located as close as possible to a high-voltage substation to reduce the costs of the farm’s connection to the grid.
From the point of view of perceived wind intensity, hill summits seem to be the best locations to install wind power converters. In practice, however, priority is often given to flat open areas with somewhat worse wind conditions but more favorable relief, which both simplifies construction of access ways and WEC installation and makes them considerably cheaper.
Wind park near the settlement of Lodeinoye. The site located close to the settlement of Lodeinoye (three kilometers away from Teriberka) is suggested for several reasons: It is well within an area of high wind speeds, has sea and motor transport connection to Murmansk, infrastructure, and can avail itself of a connection to the Kola Energy System’s grid. Here, average annual wind speed at a 10-meter elevation mark reaches about 7.0 m/s. Fig. 2.16 shows a map where a relatively flat area suitable for WEC construction can be seen north of Lodeinoye’s residential buildings along the coast of the Barents Sea. At present, the only building at this site is a small structure housing a weather station.
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Fig. 2.16. Index map with distributed locations of eighteen 600 kW windmills
in a prospective wind park site close to Lodeinoye; the rectangle - - - - - indicates the site.
The site is roughly a rectangle stretching two kilometers west to east and one kilometer south to north. It is foreseeable that infrastructure development will require minimal work here as a dirt road already crosses the site. The area can accommodate several wind energy converters with a total capacity of up to 10 MW. A transformer substation suitable for the wind park’s grid connection is located three kilometers away from the site.
The Lodeinoye wind park can comprise a series of up-to-date wind energy converters with capacities ranging between 500 kW and 600 kW. One example is Enercon E – 40/6.44 with a wind rotor 44 meters in diameter and a tower 50 meters high. This is a modern high-efficiency direct-drive windmill manufactured in Germany. A truck crane with a 100-ton lifting capacity will be required for the mounting works on the WEC. As the local wind rose (Fig. 2.17) shows prevailing south wind directions, the wind energy converters can be installed at a distance of ten wind wheel diameters along the line of longitude, and at a distance of three to four rotor diameters from each other in the latitudinal direction. The distribution of the eighteen prospective windmills with a total capacity of 10.8 MW in exactly this pattern is shown in Fig. 2.16
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Fig. 2.17. Annual wind rose of the Teriberka weather station.
Wind park site on the bank of the Teriberka Water Storage Reservoir. This site is located 4 km from the Upper Teriberka Hydroelectric Power Plant at the elevation marks of between 140 m and 150 m above sea level. The site includes part of the reservoir’s bank and a nearby island and is approximately a two-by-two-kilometer square (Fig. 2.18.). It is located in immediate proximity to the auxiliary hydrotechnical structures of the Upper Teriberka Hydropower Plant and at a small (within four kilometers) distance to the possible location of the wind park’s grid connection. The site’s total area is a bit smaller than that of the Lodeinoye site. Furthermore, it is 18 km away from the sea, and wind intensity here is expected to be lower than at the coastal site near Lodeinoye. Yet, this site is noteworthy as it stretches over an open area close to a large water storage basin and not far from a good-quality motor road and the structures of the Upper Teriberka Hydropower Plant.
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Fig. 2.18. Wind park site on the bank of the Teriberka Water Storage Reservoir.
These lines = indicate the Murmansk-Teriberka Motorway.
A 50 MW wind park in the area of the village of Tumanny. The site for this potentially rather large wind park is located along the road connecting Tumanny and the Lower Serebryanka Hydropower Plant (Fig. 2.19). Here, a ridge of flat mounds one to two kilometers wide stretches for almost six kilometers along the right-hand side of the road. The park’s location close to the substation of the Lower-Serebryanka Hydropower Plant will facilitate transmitting the park’s energy to the grid via a short cable, or an overhead power line. Its proximity to the settlement of Tumanny, where the Serebryanka Cascade employees reside, will help accommodate the work force and the technical equipment needed for the period of construction and installation works.
Large wind parks can be distributed along the existing motorway connecting Murmansk, Teriberka, and Tumanny on both sides of the road and to considerable distances further inland. According to preliminary estimations, a series of wind parks can be built here, each with a capacity of 100 MW or more.
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Fig. 2.19. Wind park site near Tumanny for a series of fifty 1 MW wind energy converters; the red - - - - rectangle indicates the future wind park
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